Russian Military Purge Underway? Generals Arrested as Tensions Rise

Ali Gündoğar
4 min readMay 23, 2024

Papov’s Shocking Arrest

In a stunning move that has rocked the Russian military, General Ivan Papov, one of Russia’s most respected and accomplished commanders, was arrested and thrown into the notorious Lefortovo prison. Papov, the former leader of the 58th Army, is facing dubious charges of stealing 100 million rubles worth of construction materials during Russia’s invasion of Ukraine last year.

But many analysts see this as a mere pretext to neutralize a powerful figure who posed a threat to the Kremlin’s leadership. The truth is, Papov’s real “crime” was likely his outspoken criticism of the military’s high command last summer for their mismanagement of the Ukraine operation.

The Rise and Fall of an Army Legend

Papov had been a rising star in Putin’s military. As commander of the 58th Army, he helped salvage Russia’s deeply troubled invasion of Ukraine’s south in 2022 after a series of embarrassing setbacks. His tactical skills and ability to rally troops made him a folk hero among soldiers.

But it was his bravery in confronting senior leadership about the operation’s flaws that set him on a collision course with an increasingly paranoid Kremlin. At a meeting of Russia’s top brass in July 2022, Papov lambasted the high command for:

  • Lack of artillery support
  • Poor air reconnaissance
  • Inadequate ammunition supplies
  • Failure to rotate front-line troops

Rather than appreciate his candor, Chief of Staff Valery Gerasimov dressed him down as a “scaremonger” and soon removed Papov from his post, sending him into exile in Syria. Soldiers from his 58th Army even recorded a video vowing action if their beloved commander was mistreated.

The Purge Begins: Papov First of Many?

With his arrest on May 21st, just days after a new Defense Minister took over, Papov has become the highest-profile military detainee so far in what some believe is a great purge of Russia’s armed forces.

Two other generals, Yevgeny Nikiforov and Vadim Moskovich, were also jailed recently on charges that strain credulity. The signs are clear — Russia’s military leadership is being systemically decapitated.

The alleged motive? Neutralizing any possible internal military threat as Vladimir Putin brutally crushes all dissent and opposition to his Ukraine invasion, which has become increasingly unpopular in Russia.

Just as Stalin purged the Red Army of its best commanders in the 1930s out of paranoia, so too does it seem Putin is determined to remove any possible internal check on his power from the military’s elite ranks.

KGB In Charge? Global Implications

What makes the Papov arrest even more chilling is the role of the FSB (the KGB’s successor) in carrying it out. Papov is being held in the FSB’s most severe prison, hinting at the intelligence service’s heavy involvement.

There are rumors that the real powers shaping military policy are now KGB hardliners like Nikolai Patrushev and Alexander Bortnikov, who are vehemently anti-Western. With pragmatic oldguards like Sergei Shoigu falling out of favor, we may see an even more uncompromising, hardline stance from Moscow.

This could have major implications for the Ukraine war and Russia’s relations with the West. A more empowered FSB might double down on the invasion, heedless of costs, to save face. They could also seek to further isolate Russia from Western powers.

Beginning of the End for Russian Military?

Within Russia’s officer corps, the arrests have spread shock and fear. If even a respected figure like Papov can be arrested on trumped-up charges, then no one is safe. Units are likely being watched for any signs of insubordination or dissent.

Morale problems could be worsening in an army already plagued by demoralization, desertion, and supply shortages. With the military’s top ranks in chaos and leaders more focused on saving their own skin than battlefield strategy, Russia’s war effort in Ukraine could be severely compromised.

It’s a potential death spiral — as frustration grows over the sputtering invasion, Putin may simply double down on purges, creating even more dysfunction. We could be witnessing the accelerated unraveling of Russia’s once-formidable military. Only time will tell if it can survive this volatile storm intact.

Frequently Asked Questions

Q: What was General Papov accused of? A: Papov was arrested on charges of stealing 100 million rubles worth of construction materials when his 58th Army was building fortifications in Ukraine. However, many see this as a false pretext to punish his criticism of the military leadership.

Q: Who is behind the arrests of Russian generals? A: While the official line is that defense authorities are rooting out corruption, most analysts believe this is a coordinated purge of the military orchestrated by Vladimir Putin and hardliners in Russia’s intelligence services like the FSB.

Q: How many generals have been arrested so far? A: At least three generals — Ivan Papov, Yevgeny Nikiforov, and Vadim Moskovich — have been jailed in recent weeks on what appear to be dubious charges related to the Ukraine invasion. But the total number of officers arrested or removed is likely higher.

Q: What was the last major purge of Russia’s military? A: The most infamous purge was the “Great Terror” carried out by Stalin in the late 1930s, in which over 15,000 Red Army commanders were arrested and executed on false charges due to Stalin’s paranoia about disloyalty.

Q: What could be the global implications of a Russian military purge? A: A weakened and demoralized Russian military could negatively impact their war effort in Ukraine. It could also embolden hardline factions in Moscow to take an even more uncompromising stance against the West as pragmatists are sidelined.

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